hard
释义
adj. 坚硬的；困难的；费劲的
adv. 努力地
自然拼读
词态
比较级：harder
最高级：hardest
名词：hardness
例句
After months without rain, the ground was too hard to plough.
数月无雨，土地坚硬难犁。
This year’s exam was much harder than last year’s.
今年的考试比去年的难得多。
I'll work hard. I don't want to let him down.
我会努力工作。我不想让他失望。
She has worked hard all her life.
她一生辛勤工作。
Ella was concentrating very hard.
埃拉全神贯注。
I never touch the hard stuff .
我从来不喝烈酒。
She tried her hardest to ignore what he’d said.
她竭力不去理会他说的话。
the hardest substance known to man
已知的最硬物质
I couldn’t convince him no matter how hard I tried.
不管我怎么努力，都说服不了他。
He had thought long and hard before getting involved with the project.
参与这个计划之前他曾思之再三。
a hard wooden chair
一把硬木椅
词组
hard time
艰难的日子；艰难时刻；艰难时事
hard work
努力工作；繁重的工作
study hard
努力学习
hard to say
很难说
hard alloy
硬质合金
try hard
adj. 努力
hard working
勤奋的；努力工作的
play hard
行为卑鄙；不择手段
work hard at
努力工作（学习）
hard disk
硬盘
hard by
在近处
hard to reach
难以到达
working hard
努力工作
hard copy
硬拷贝；复印件
have a hard time
度过困难时刻；过得困难；步履艰难
hard on
严厉对待
the hard way
艰难地；避易就难地
work hard
努力学习；辛勤工作
hard rock
重摇滚；剧烈摇滚乐；硬质岩石
hard drive
（电脑）硬盘驱动器
近义
adv.努力地；困难地；辛苦地；接近地；猛烈地；牢固地
closely
heavily
strong
adj.努力的；硬的；困难的；辛苦的；[医]确实的；严厉的；猛烈的；冷酷无情的
difficult
severe
fierce
tight
violent
词根词缀点击查看hard词根词缀
真题
考纲分布
adj/adv. 努力的(地)
adv/adj. 艰难/困苦的(地）
adj/adv. 坚硬的; 坚实的; 变硬
adj. 严厉的; 苛刻的
adj/adv. 沉重的; 猛烈地; 用力地
adj. (hard-boiled)煮熟的; 煮老的
adj. 有力的; 强烈的; 烈性的
考纲释义
adj/adv. 努力的(地)
真题例句
He played and practiced hard in the high school.
他在高中时努力地训练。
[2020 锦州市卷 完形填空]
He also does well in his exams because he works very hard on his studies.
他的考试成绩也很好，因为他在学习上非常努力。
[2020 天津市卷 完型填空]
How hard the volunteer worked to get more kids back to school!
为了让更多的孩子重返校园，志愿者是多么努力啊！
[2020 上海市卷 阅读理解]
adv/adj. 艰难/困苦的(地）
真题例句
The hardest part about any task is getting started.
任何任务最难的部分是开始。
[2020 长沙市卷 阅读理解]
It didn't look that hard—just move your legs while you were standing.
这看起来并不难——只要在你站立的时候移动你的腿。
[2019 安徽省卷 词语填空]
It was so hard for her to accept this.
这让她很难接受。
[2018 重庆市卷 阅读理解]
adj/adv. 坚硬的; 坚实的; 变硬
真题例句
There are also "hard" martial arts.
也有“硬”的武术。
[2021 百色市卷 阅读理解]
The world is full of yin and yang: dark and light, soft and hard, female and male.
世界充满了阴和阳：黑暗和光明，柔软和坚硬，女性和男性。
[2021 宿迁市卷 阅读理解]
It is between a rock and a hard place.
它介于岩石和坚硬的地方之间。
[2019 昆明市卷 书面表达]
adj. 严厉的; 苛刻的
真题例句
Because Yu Gong had strong will and hard work.
因为愚公有坚强的意志和勤奋的精神。
[2021 深圳市卷 阅读理解]
People shouldn't push their kids so hard.
人们不应该把孩子逼得太紧。
[2019 齐齐哈尔市卷 阅读理解]
adj/adv. 沉重的; 猛烈地; 用力地
真题例句
shouldn't push their kids so hard.
不应该把他们的孩子逼得那么紧
[2021 滨州市卷 英汉互译]
Try to be relaxed and don't hold the pencil so hard.
尽量放松，不要用力握铅笔。
[2019 黄冈市卷 阅读理解]
adj. (hard-boiled)煮熟的; 煮老的
真题例句
They can be cooked in lots of ways such as fried or hard-boiled.
它们可以通过多种方式烹饪，例如油炸或煮熟。
[2019 苏州市卷 听力]
adj. 有力的; 强烈的; 烈性的
真题例句
Use of hard drugs is increasing as a result of these drugs becoming cheaper and easier to buy.
由于这些药物变得更便宜和更容易购买，烈性药物的使用正在增加。
[2018 贵阳市卷 书面表达]
备考短语
1.hard time
翻译：艰难时刻；艰苦岁月
2.hard work
翻译：辛勤工作；艰苦工作
3.die hard
翻译：消失得很慢
4.study hard
翻译：努力学习；用功
5.try hard
翻译：努力尝试着；力图
6.work hard
翻译：努力工作；辛勤工作
7.hard drug
翻译：致瘾的麻醉品
备考派生词
hardness
n. 困难；坚硬；冷酷；硬性
hardship
n. 艰难；困苦
考纲分布
adj. 困难的; 辛苦的
adj. 硬的; 坚固的
考纲释义
adj. 困难的; 辛苦的
真题例句
You can't help wondering how hard it was for the people then to put all those rocks into place.
你不禁会想，当时人们把这些石头放回原处有多难。
[2021 新高考Ⅰ卷 语法填空]
He built a hugely successful career with little more than plain old hard work and determination.
他建立了一个非常成功的职业生涯，不仅仅是简单的努力工作和决心。
[2021 浙江卷 阅读理解]
This was harder than it sounds.
这比听起来要难。
[2021 新高考Ⅰ卷 完形填空]
adj. 硬的; 坚固的
真题例句
No matter how attractive they look in the store, once I get them home they're unfailingly dry, hard, and tasteless.
不管它们在店里看起来有多吸引人，一旦我把它们带回家，它们就会永远干枯、坚硬、无味。
[2015 全国卷1 阅读理解]
备考短语
1.hard time
翻译：艰难时刻；艰苦岁月
2.hard work
翻译：辛勤工作；艰苦工作
3.die hard
翻译：消失得很慢
4.study hard
翻译：努力学习；用功
5.try hard
翻译：努力尝试着；力图
6.work hard
翻译：努力工作；辛勤工作
7.hard drug
翻译：致瘾的麻醉品
备考派生词
harder
adj. 更困难的；更硬的；更冷酷无情的；更努力的；（hard的比较级）
hardness
n. 困难；坚硬；冷酷；硬性
hardship
n. 艰难；困苦
harden
v. 变硬；使冷酷无情；变明确；升水
1 ...Some team members find it hard to agree on questions like membership and the team’s purpose...
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2 ...no matter how hard you try...
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3 ...and it’s especially hard to reckon the likely costs of possible catastrophic climate events...
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4 ...It can be hard to picture...
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6 ...there is almost no hard evidence for midlife crisis other than a few small pilot studies conducted decades ago...
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8 ...It can be very hard to forget embarrassing moments...
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9 ...abstract concepts are hard to program...
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10 ...Most of us find it hard to focus on our immediate tasks because of internet distractions 41...
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11 ...Changes in policy would be approved or rejected as a whole so that lobbyists would find it hard to influence lawmakers...
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12 ...we're very hard to spot...
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13 ...it is hard for robots to make decisions...
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14 ...a abstract concepts are hard to program...
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15 ...is hard to determine with any precision—which is why governments and financial institutions are only beginning to bring such risks into their economic calculations...
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16 ...One reason women may feel exhausted is that they have a hard time saying no...
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17 ...This is hard to achieve when...
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18 ...It does hard to define...
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19 ...it is hard for one to gain friendship...
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